Measurement in Science and Technology is the basics of all scientific study and daily activities like buying goods, experiments, accurate measurement. In this lesson, students learn how measurement developed from ancient body-based units to the modern SI system.
Measurement in Science and Technology Important Questions
In this post you will find all types of important
questions MCQs, very short, short, long and diagram and case study based. These
important questions help you secure good marks in NIOS Board Exams.
Important Multiple-Choice Questions
Q1. Measurement is best defined as:
(a) Guessing a quantity
(b) Counting how many times a standard is used
(c) Observing an object
(d) Comparing colures
Correct answer - (b) Counting how many times a standard is used
Q2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good unit?
(a) Relevant
(b) Convenient
(c) Well defined
(d) Changeable
Correct
answer - (d) Changeable
Q3. Which body part was commonly used in ancient times to measure length?
(a) Cubit
(b) Kilogram
(c) Metre
(d) Litre
Correct answer - (a) Cubit
Q4. The need for standard units arose mainly due to:
(a) Curiosity
(b) Trade problems
(c) Scientific research
(d) Cooking needs
Correct answer
- (b) Trade problems
Q5. SI system was adopted in the year:
(a) 1790
(b) 1875
(c) 1960
(d) 1983
Correct answer - (c) 1960
Q6. SI unit of luminous intensity is:
(a) Lux
(b) Candela
(c) Watt
(d) Joule
Correct answer - (b) Candela
Q7. What is the unit of force?
(a) Pascal
(b) Joule
(c) Newton
(d) Hertz
Correct answer - (c) Newton
Q8. Which prefix represents 10-9?
(a) Micro
(b) Nano
(c) Pico
(d) Milli
Correct answer - (b) Nano
Q9. 1 km2 is equal to :
(a) 1000 m2
(b) 106 m2
(c) 103 m2
(d) 109 m
Correct answer – (b)106 m2
Q10. Who did NOT use proper measurement?
(a) Buying milk in litre
(b) Buying ribbon with scale
(c) Buying vegetables using stones
(d) Using kilogram weights
Correct answer –(c) Buying vegetables using stones
Q11. What is the SI unit of temperature?
(a) Celsius
(b) Fahrenheit
(c) Kelvin
(d) Joule
(a) Correct answer – (c) Kelvin
Q12.Which of the following is a derived unit?
(a) Metre
(b) Kilogram
(c) Second
(d) Pascal
Correct answer – (d) Pascal
Q13.The symbol in SI unit system ‘m’ stands for:
(a) Mass
(b) Metre
(c) Milli
(d) Minute
Correct answer – (b) Metre
Q14.Which prefix denotes 10-3?
(a) Micro
(b) Milli
(c) Nano
(d) Centi
Correct answer – (b) Milli
Q15. The SI unit of electric current is:
(a) Volt
(b) Ampere
(c) Ohm
(d) Watt
Correct answer - (b) Ampere
Q16. Which unit is used to measure amount of substance?
(a) Mole
(b) Gram
(c) Litre
(d) Newton
Correct answer - (a) Mole
Q17. The unit ‘Watt’ measure:
(a) Energy
(b) Power
(c) Force
(d) Pressure
Correct answer - (b) Power
Q18. Which of the following is correctly written as per SI rules?
(a) 20kgs
(b) 20kg
(c) 20Kg
(d) 20KG
Correct answer -(b) 20kg
Q19. Areas is measured in:
(a) m
(b) m2
(c) m3
(d) cm
correct answer - (b) m2
Q20. Which characteristic of a unit ensures that it is ‘well defined’?
(a) it is used by the majority of the world’s population
(b) it is derived only from base SI units
(c) it is small enough to be portable for field research
(d) it is based on a standard that is understood in the same sense by everyone
correct answer- (d) it is based on a standard that is
understood in the same sense by everyone
Q21. What is the SI unit of time?
(a) Hour
(b) Minute
(c) Second
(d) Day
Correct answer - (c) Second
Q22. Which instrument is used to measure length accurately?
(a) Clock
(b) Thermometer
(c) Scale
(d) Weighing balance
Correct answer - (c) Scale
Q23. In the 16th century, what was used as the standard unit for mass?
(a) The weight of a Roman coin
(b) A cubic decimetre of pure water
(c) A standard platinum iridium cylinder
(d) A grain of wheat
Correct answer- (d) A
grain of wheat
Q24. The SI system of units is based on how many base physical quantities?
(a) Ten
(b) Twelve
(c) Three
(d) Seven
Correct answer - (d) Seven
Q25. How is the SI unit ‘mole’ defined in relation to other base quantities?
(a) It is exactly one-twelfth the mass of a platinum-irridum cylinder
(b) It is the amount of substance equal to its molecular mass expressed in grams
(c) It is the mass of on litre of a substance at standard pressure.
(d) It is the luminous intensity of a specific light source
Correct answer - (b) It
is the amount of substance equal to its molecular mass expressed in grams
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q1. Why is measurement
essential in daily life?
Answer
It ensures accuracy and fairness in trade, cooking,
travelling, sports and scientific work and in daily life.
Q2. What problem occurred
when body parts were used as units?
Answer
Different people had different size of body parts
which cause inaccurate and non-uniform measurements.
Q3. Name the smallest unit
of length during Chandragupt Maurya period.
Answer
Parmanu
Q4. What is meant by SI
unit?
Answer
An internationally accepted system of measurement
based on seven base units.
Q5. Write the formula to
express value of a physical quantity.
Answer
Physical quantity = Numerical value × Unit
Q6. Name any two base SI
quantities.
Answer
Length and mass
Q7. What does the prefix
‘kilo’ denote?
Answer
103 times the base unit
Q8. Why is zero written
before decimal in SI rule?
Answer
To avoid confusion and improve clarity
Q9. What is meant by a
physical quantity?
Answer
A physical quantity is any measurable property
expressed with a number and a unit.
Q10. Why is a measuring
instrument required for a accurate measurement?
Answer
A measuring instrument provides precise ands
consistent readings based on standard units, reducing errors that occur with
rough estimation or non-standard methods.
Short Answer Types Important Questions
Q1. Explain why ancient
units like cubit and hand span were unreliable.
Answer
Ancient units depended on human body parts such as
hand span, cubit and foot. Since body sizes differ from person to person, the
measurement varied and lacked uniformity. So, this creates confusion and
inaccuracy in trade and other daily activities.
Q2. Describe the need for
standard units.
Answer
Standard units were needed to bring uniformity and
accuracy in measurement across regions and countries. A fixed , well defined
unit system is needed to avoid confusion and inaccuracy.
Q3. Differentiate between
base units and derived units.
Answer
Base units are fundamental and independent units such
as metre, kilogram, and second. Derived units are formed by combining base
units such as speed (m/s), force (kgm/s2). Derived units depend on
base units for their definition.
Q4. What are SI prefixes
and why are they used?
Answer
SI prefixes represent powers of ten and are used when
quantities are very large or very small. They simplify writing measurements
like kilometre for 1000 meters or milligrams for 0.001gram, making numbers easy
to read and write.
Q5. Explain the rules for
writing SI units correctly.
Answer
i. A space is left between number and unit.
ii. Symbols are not pluralized
iii. Now full stop is used after symbols.
iv. Prefix and unit are written together.
v. Zero is written before decimals.
Q6. How did the metric
system develop into SI system?
Answer
The metric system began after the French revolution
based on meter and kilogram. Later improvements and international agreements
led to redefining units precisely. In 1960, SI units were adopted worldwide as
a modern accurate measurement system.
Long Answer Type Important Questions
Q1. Explain measurement
and its importance in science and daily life.
Measurement is the process of comparing an unknown
quantity with a known standard u nit to determine its exact value. It is
Importance in daily life
It is essential in everyday life for activities such
as buying and selling goods, cooking food, travelling distances, constructing
buildings and managing time.
Importance in Science
Measurement forms the basis of experiments,
observations, calculations and technological progress. Scientists rely on
precise measurements to verify results and develop new inventions.
Without proper measurement, it would be impossible to
maintain accuracy, avoid confusion or understand the physical quantities.
Q2. Describe the evolution
of measurement system from ancient to modern times.
Answer
In ancient times, people measured length and distance
using body parts such as hand span, cubit and foot. These methods were simple
but inaccurate because body sizes vary from person to person.
Later, rulers tried to standardize measures by
introducing units like ‘yard’ and ‘gaz’ to reduce confusion in trade.
An organised system of measurement existed during the
Maurya and Mughal periods. A major change came after the French Revolution with
the introduction of the metric system based on metre and kilogram. This system
developed into the internationally accepted SI system. This system ensures
uniformity, accuracy and scientific precision worldwide.
Q3. Explain SI base units and derived units with examples.
Answer
The SI (International systems of units) is built on seven base units that measure fundamental quantities such as:
i. metre(length)
ii. kilogram(mass)
iii. second(time)
iv. ampere (electric current)
v. kelvin (temperature)
vi. mole (amount of substance)
vii. candela (luminous intensity)
These units are independent and form the foundation of
measurement.
Derived units
are formed by combining base units according to physical relationships
For example,
Area – m2
Velocity – m/s
Force – kgm/s2
Important Diagram Based Questions
Q1. Draw a diagram showing
ancient measurement using hand span and cubit.
Answer
Q2. Draw a table diagram of SI base
units and symbols.
Answer
Q3. Draw a table diagram of derived SI
units with special names.
Q4. Draw a table of SI prefixes on
number line.
Answer
Important Case Study Questions
Read the paragraph and answer the questions
Ravi went to a local market to buy apples. He asked
the shopkeeper for 2 kilograms of apples. The shopkeeper placed a stone on one
side of the balance and apples on the other side to measure the weight. Ravi
noticed that the apples looked less than expected and questioned the method of
measurement. He realised that the shopkeeper was not using standard weights
marked in kilograms. This could lead to unfair measurement and cheating in
trade. Ravi insisted that proper standard weights should be used to ensure
accuracy and fairness.
Q1. What mistake did the shopkeeper make while
measuring the apples?
Answer
The shopkeeper used a stone instead of standard
kilogram weights which is not an accurate or accepted method of measuring.
Q2. Why are standard units important in daily trade?
Answer
Standard units ensure uniformity, accuracy and
fairness in buying and selling goods, preventing cheating and confusion.
Q3. Which SI unit should be used for measuring the
mass of apples?
Answer
kilogram
Related Topics
NIOS Class 10 Science Important Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Is
NIOS Class 10 hard to pass?
Answer
No, NIOS Class 10 is not hard to pass if you study
according to the syllabus and exam pattern. The question paper is straight
forward and mostly concept based. Read important questions chapter wise, practice
pervious papers.
2. Is
NIOS accepted in higher studies?
Answer
Yes, NIOS is fully recognized by the Government of
India. Students who pass NIOS class 10 or 12 can take admission in colleges and
universities and apply for competitive exams.
3. How
can I get good marks in NIOS?
Answer
To secure good marks in NIOS , you study chapter wise
important questions, understand concepts form the book , practice worksheets
and revise diagrams and case study questions.
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