The activity has been taken from the chapter 1 Matter in our surroundings of class 9 Science. This activity explains the effect of temperature on the rate of diffusion.
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How Temperature Affects the rate of Diffusion?
Aim of the activity
To observe the effect
of temperature on the rate of diffusion and understand the motion of particles
of solids and liquids.
Materials used in the activity
1. Two beakers
2. Hot and cold water
3. Crystals of copper sulphate or potassium permanganate
4. Tongs
Procedure
We take two
beakers and fill hot water in one and cold water in another beaker. Now we drop
crystals of copper sulphate or potassium permanganate into each beaker.
We make sure not to stir the water and allow
the crystals settle at the bottom.
We observe the crystals
carefully.
Observation
We observe the following
1. The concentrated colour can be seen just above the solid crystals.
2. Blue or pink colour begins to spread in the water.
3. The colour spread quickly throughout the hot water.
4. The colour spread slowly in cold water
Explanation
When the crystals
are placed in water, the particles begin to diffuse in water. In hot water the particles move faster because
they have more kinetic energy and on the other hand in cold water, these
particles diffuse slowly due to less kinetic energy.
Conclusion
Through this activity we can conclude that
1. Particles of matter are in constant motion.
2. Temperature affects the rate of diffusion.
3. Kinetic energy of particles increases due to high temperature so they diffuse more quickly.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Why does the colour of copper sulphate crystals spread faster in hot water?
Answer – The kinetic energy of particles of substance (copper sulphate) increases in hot water so they spread faster in hot water.
2. Why do we not stir the solution in this activity?
Answer – Because we want to know the natural diffusion in normal conditions.
3. What does this activity prove?
Answer – This activity proves that particles of matter keep moving and temperature affects the movement.
4. Write the chemical formula of copper sulphate?
Answer – `CuSO_4.5H_2O`
5. What is the chemical formula of potassium permanganate?
Answer – `KMnO_4`
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