Activity 2.13 Class 10 Science

This activity helps students understand how salts are formed from acids and bases through neutralization reaction.

Aim of the activity

To write chemical formulae of salts, to identify the parent acid and bases and to classify salts into families.

Chemical Formula of Given Salts

 

S. No.	Salt	Formula
1	Potassium sulphate	K2SO4
2	Sodium sulphate	Na2SO4
3	Calcium sulphate	CaSO4
4	Magnesium sulphate	MgSO4
5	Copper sulphate	CuSO4
6	Sodium chloride	NaCI
7	Sodium nitrate	NaNO3
8	Sodium carbonate	Na2CO3
9	Ammonium chloride	NH4CI

Identify the acids and bases from which the salts formed

Table

S. No.	Salt	Acid	Base
1	Potassium sulphate	H2SO4	KOH
2	Sodium sulphate	H2SO4	NaOH
3	Calcium sulphate	H2SO4	Ca(OH)2
4	Magnesium sulphate	H2SO4	Mg(OH)2
5	Copper sulphate	H2SO4	Cu(OH)2
6	Sodium chloride	HCI	NaOH
7	Sodium nitrate	HNO3	NaOH
8	Sodium carbonate	H2CO3	NaOH
9	Ammonium chloride	HCI	NH4OH

 

Salt families based on Radicals

   1.  Sodium salts

   These salts contain Na⁺  ions - Na₂SO₄, NaCl , NaNO₃, Na₂CO₃ 

   2. Sulphate salts

   These salts contains SO₄^2- ions – K₂SO₄,Na₂SO₄,CaSO₄ ,MgSO₄, CuSO₄

   3. Chloride salts

These salts contain Cl^- ions - NaCI , NH₄CI

   4. Nitrate salts

These salts contain NO₃^- ions – NaNO₃

   5. Carbonate salts

   These salts contain CO₃^2- ions – Na₂CO₃

   6. Ammonium salts

    These salts contain NH₄⁺ ions – NH₄Cl

   Conclusion

   We can conclude –

    1.  Six families based on positive and negative ions.

    2. This classification helps us understand the composition and nature of salts.