We will explore the necessary conditions required for rusting of iron in this activity. In the previous activity 3.13, we have discussed physical and chemical properties of ionic compounds.
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Aim of the activity
To determine the essential conditions for rusting of iron
Materials Required
1. Three clean iron nails
2. Three test tubes
3. Water (distilled & normal )
4. Oil
5. Calcium chloride
6. Corks
Procedure
We take three test tubes and label them A, B and C and place a dry iron nail in each
test tube.
(i) We pour ordinary water in the test tube A and cork it.
(ii) We pour boiled distilled water in the test tube and also add 1 ml of oil and cork it.
(iii) We add anhydrous calcium chloride in the test tube C and cork it.
Now we leave the all-test tubes for 3-4 days and observe the iron nails.
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Observation
|
Test tube |
Contents |
Observation |
|
A |
Iron nail |
Rust |
|
B |
Iron nail+ boiled water+ oil |
No rust |
|
C |
Iron nail |
No rust |
Explanation
Rusting of iron requires both moisture (water) and oxygen (air).Rusting occurs in the test tube A because both air and moisture present. A reddish brown flaky layer is formed on the nails.
4Fe+ 3O2 + xH2O → 2Fe2O3.xH2O
Water is present in the test tube B but air is blocked by oil layer so no rusting occurs.
Dry air is present in the test tube C because calcium chloride absorbs moisture, so no rusting occurs.
Conclusion
This activity demonstrates that rusting of iron takes place when both air and moisture are present.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is rusting?
Answer
Rusting is a slow oxidation of iron occurs in the presence of air and moisture.
2. What is the chemical formula of rust?
Answer
Fe2O3.xH2O
3. Why is calcium chloride used in this activity?
Answer
Calcium chloride absorbs moisture.
All Activities Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
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